LGV theory practice test 3

Explanation

ISO International Standards Organization cargo containers should only be carried on lorries or trailers with the appropriate securing points. These are designed to lock into the container body.

Explanation

If the load is sheeted incorrectly, the wind may get underneath a sheet, making it flap about. This is dangerous, as it can catch unsuspecting pedestrians or cyclists, and it can also seriously reduce the driver's view of what's happening behind.

Explanation

Modern tankers are fitted with baffle plates inside the tank compartment. These help to minimise the movement of liquids and, therefore, reduce the wave effect.

Explanation

Jack knifing occurs when the tractor unit is pushed by the semi trailer pivoting around the coupling fifth wheel. This is more likely to occur with an unladen vehicle.

Explanation

Short wheelbase vehicles will bounce more noticeably than some long wheelbase vehicles when empty. This can affect braking efficiency and all-round control.

Explanation

The forces acting on a lorry will try to move it in a straight line as it enters a bend. The greater the weight, the greater the force. If you're going too fast, there's a danger that you could lose your load or tip over.

Explanation

You should tell telephone companies about your intended route when planning the movement of loads over 5.25 metres 17 feet 6 inches high. You should tell them in plenty of time before making the journey.

Explanation

The forces that act on your vehicle if you brake while cornering can lead to instability and may cause trailer swing. You should try to plan ahead so that you brake smoothly and in good time as you approach a bend.

Explanation

When getting out of your lorry cab, it's essential that you check it's safe to dismount by checking your mirrors and looking out for traffic. When you're safely down, it's then a good idea to walk round and check your tyres, load, lights, brake lines, electrical connections, etc.

Explanation

Keeping the centre of gravity as low as possible will improve the handling of a car transporter. Top heavy loads are more unstable and require more care when turning and cornering.

Explanation

Severe braking or selecting a gear too low for your road speed can cause the tractor unit to slow more quickly than the trailer. The trailer can then pivot around the coupling fifth wheel, causing the vehicle to jack-knife. Jack-knifing is more likely to occur with an unladen vehicle, particularly on a bend or curve.

Explanation

You should take precautions against dropping mud on the road, because it's a hazard to other road users. It's also an offence for which you could be prosecuted.

Explanation

When connecting a three line tractor unit to a two line trailer, the blue line is the one that shouldn't be connected to the trailer. This is the auxiliary line. Always follow the manufacturer's advice it may be necessary to reconnect the extra line to the tractor unit.

Explanation

Load security is one of the many responsibilities of the driver. When choosing a site to park your vehicle overnight, you should always look for a location that's legal and well lit. Many allocated lorry parks are patrolled by the police or security firms.

Explanation

Whenever visibility is reduced, use dipped headlights to make your vehicle easier to see. During and after heavy rain, you should also reduce speed and increase your distance from the vehicle in front.

Explanation

The size and design of some cabs can create blind spots. This is especially true of a sleeper cab. A quick sideways glance might show something you can't see in your mirrors, especially when traffic is merging.

Explanation

The hours of operation of Red Routes vary from one area to another. As a rule, you mustn't stop on a Red Route, but there may be special marked boxes where loading and unloading can be carried out at certain times. Look out for signs giving information about the restrictions in place.

Explanation

A fifth wheel must be maintained properly. It requires regular lubrication and inspection. This should be carried out monthly or every 10 000 km whichever comes first.

Explanation

Poorly maintained engines use more fuel and emit more exhaust fumes than those that are well maintained. Filters need to be changed on a regular basis. Remember that members of the public are encouraged to report vehicles emitting excessive exhaust fumes.

Explanation

Overloading a vehicle is dangerous. Your stopping distance will increase, and your vehicle could become unstable and difficult to control. You'll need to work out the payload. Do this by taking away the kerbside weight from the maximum authorised mass MAM. This will give you the maximum weight you can carry.

Explanation

As items are unloaded from the rear of the vehicle, weight will be transferred to the front axle. Take care that this axle doesn't become overloaded. You may need to redistribute the load.

Explanation

It's compulsory for drivers and passengers to wear seat belts. However, if you're making deliveries that are less than 50 metres apart, you may leave the seat belt undone. It would be impractical to keep fastening and unfastening your seat belt over such short distances.

Explanation

When a full diesel fuel tank heats up, the fuel expands and can be forced out of the breather vent and onto the road. This wastes fuel and makes the road surface very dangerous for other road users.

Explanation

It's vital that you give yourself enough separation distance when driving on icy roads ten times as much as in normal conditions. You should brake gently to reduce the risk of losing control.

Explanation

The driver must take responsibility and follow the drivers hours and tachograph rules. Failure to do so can result in legal action and penalties such as a fine.

Explanation

If the tachograph on your vehicle becomes faulty, you should take it to an approved tachograph repairer as soon as possible. If you can't return to your base within a week of finding the fault, it must be repaired while you're away. While the tachograph is faulty or broken, you must keep a manual record of your activities.

Explanation

The headroom under bridges in the UK is at least 5 metres 16 feet 6 inches, unless otherwise stated. Where the overhead clearance is arched, this headroom is normally only between the limits marked.

Explanation

Cold water will cool the burning tissue and help prevent further damage. It will also reduce swelling, minimise shock and alleviate pain. Use water, or any other liquid, that's clean and non toxic.

Explanation

If you notice any missing wheel nuts, park and phone for assistance. It's essential that all wheel fixings are in place and tightened to the torque specified by the manufacturer. Checks should be made before you start any journey, but make a visual check every time you start up again after a rest stop.

Explanation

You should check your tyres as part of your routine check of the vehicle. A damaged tyre such as one with exposed ply can have a major effect on your vehicle's handling and will make it a danger to you and other road users.

Explanation

Keeping your vehicle's tyres in good condition will give them a good grip on the road and will improve the vehicle's overall stability. Each tyre must have at least the minimum legal depth of tread across three quarters of its width. Renew tyres well before they wear to less than that.

Explanation

It's an offence to leave a vehicle unattended on a public road with the engine running. Take care if you have to open the cab door directly into the road. Look for passing traffic especially cyclists or motorcyclists that may not be visible in your mirrors.

Explanation

It can be dangerous for vehicles passing close by if you open the door carelessly. Always look properly to make sure that it's safe checking the blind spots as well as using the mirrors before you get out of the cab.

Explanation

Always use the MSM routine when you're approaching a hazard. n M Mirrors check the position of the traffic behind you. nS Signal signal your intention to slow down or change course in good time. nM Manoeuvre a manoeuvre is any change in position, from slowing or stopping the vehicle to turning off a busy road.

Explanation

Suspension faults may result in road damage. Road friendly suspension reduces the impact on the environment, the road surface and under road services.

Explanation

The maximum driving period under EU rules is 4 hours 30 minutes. After this, you must take a break of at least 45 minutes. Planning your route will allow you to take your statutory rest periods in a safe place, such as a service area, where you can get food, drink and a rest.

Explanation

It's very important to know the correct fire extinguisher to use. They'll carry a coloured label or badge telling you their contents. Make sure you learn which extinguisher is which, as using the wrong one could be dangerous and may spread the fire further. For example, you should never use a water extinguisher on burning oil.

Explanation

In severe weather conditions, you should be aware of the dangers of fallen trees or damaged branches that may fall on your vehicle. Be prepared in case a fallen tree is lying across the road just around a bend.

Explanation

White boxes allow you to unload at any time, but during the day the length of stay is restricted. You should check nearby signs for the specific times. At other times, when it's not so busy, there may not be any restrictions on parking.

Explanation

When carrying high value goods, you can become a target for thieves. Avoid developing a set routine or pattern. Vary your routes whenever possible to make it difficult for thieves to predict when and where your cargo can be intercepted.

Explanation

It's important to work methodically when uncoupling or recoupling a tractor unit and trailer. After recoupling, check that all connections, systems and lights are working correctly.

Explanation

When securing a load, the driver must use the most suitable type of restraint. Scrap metal is likely to have sharp edges that could wear through straps or ropes. Security of the load is the driver's responsibility a load that has been correctly secured shouldn't move if an emergency arises.

Explanation

If you're only carrying half a load on a double deck lorry, this should be carried on the lower deck whenever possible. With only the top deck loaded, your lorry is top heavy and at risk of overturning as you drive around bends or corners.

Explanation

Before starting your journey, you must record a number of items on your tachograph chart. One of these is where the journey begins.

Explanation

The service brake is usually operated by the brake pedal. It's used to control the speed of the vehicle and to bring it to a halt safely. It may also incorporate an anti lock braking system.

Explanation

Take care if you're driving an empty high-sided vehicle when it's windy. Watch for places where the conditions could suddenly change, such as a gap between buildings or when passing under a bridge. Reduce your speed and stay alert for other road users who are also affected by these weather conditions.

Explanation

In windy weather, exposed stretches of road may have lane closures or there may be diversions for some types of vehicle. Consider this when you're planning your journey delays will add to your driving time.

Explanation

High sided vehicles are severely affected by side wind because of the large surface area of the bodywork. The risk of loss of control is increased if the vehicle is unladen.